Analytical and Occupational Hygiene Studies

de Kort P; Jensen E; Spence MW; Plehiers PM
Risk assessment-based verification of the CertiPURTM limit values for toluene diamine and methylene dianiline in flexible polyurethane foam
Toxicol Ind Health, 40, (3), 2024, 104-16
DOI: 10.1177/07482337231224514

 

Spence MW; Plehiers PM; George A; Hankett J 
Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate occupational exposure data in industry (1998-2020): a descriptive summary from an industrial hygiene perspective
Toxicol Ind Health, 39, (8), 2023, 407-20
DOI: 10.1177/07482337231176604

 

Karlsson D; Spence MW; Plehiers PM 
Emission and time-resolved migration rates of aromatic diamines from two flexible polyurethane foams
Toxicol Ind Health, 39, (6), 2023, 298-312
DOI: 10.1177/07482337231172816 

 

Welz O; Pfeifle M; Plehiers PM; Sure R; Deglmann P 
Reaction of OH with aliphatic and aromatic isocyanates
J Phys Chem A, 126, (50), 2022, 9333-52
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06011 

 

Sayles C; Finnegan N; Pike T; Spence MW
Toluene diisocyanate occupational exposure data in the polyurethane industry (2005-2020): a descriptive summary from an industrial hygiene perspective
Toxicol Ind Health, Vol. 38, (9), 2022, 606-21
DOI: 10.1177/07482337221112225 

 

Plehiers PP; Skoglund R; Spence MW; Kiorpes AL
Editorial
Toxicol Ind Health, Vol. 38, (9), 2022, 493-4
DOI: 10.1177/07482337221110408 

 

Plehiers PP; Skoglund R; Spence MW; Kiorpes AL
Concluding remarks
Toxicol Ind Health, Vol. 38, (9), 2022, 653-4
DOI: 10.1177/07482337221107234 

 

Spence MW; West RJ; Plehiers PM
Letter to the editor regarding Cui et al., Microchemical Journal 160 (2021) 105722
Microchem J, Vol. 169, 2021, 106531
DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106531 

 

Harari H; Bello D; Woskie S; Redlich CA
Assessment of personal inhalation and skin exposures to polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate during polyurethane fabric coating
Toxicol Ind Health, Vol. 38, (9), 2022, 622-35
DOI: 10.1177/07482337221107243 

 

Spence MW; Plehiers PP
A brief overview of properties and reactions of diisocyanates
Toxicol Ind Health, Vol. 38, (9), 2022, 495-9
DOI: 10.1177/07482337221090709 

 

Antoniou EE; Zeegers MP
The relationship between toluene diisocyanate exposure and respiratory health problems: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies
Toxicol Ind Health, Vol. 38, (9), 2022, 595-605
DOI: 10.1177/07482337221095386 

 

Karlsson D; Merz T; Nuthmann V
Emission of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate and methylene dianiline during use of cure-in-place methylene diphenyl diisocyanate-based consumer products
Toxicol Ind Health, Vol. 38, (9), 2022, 643-52
DOI: 10.1177/07482337221079433

 

Aubin S; Hamdi EM; Joly A; Sarazin P; Lesage J; Breau L; Spence M; Gagné S 
On-site comparison of the OSHA 47, Asset EZ4-NCO, Iso-Chek, DAN, and CIP10 methods for measuring methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) at an oriented-strand board (OSB) factory
J Occup Environ Hyg, Vol. 17, (11-12), 2020, 560-73
DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2020.1834111 
 

Donchenko A; Aubin S; Gagné S; Spence M; Breau L; Lesage J 
Development of a method for quantification of toluene diisocyanate and methylenediphenyl diisocyanate migration from polyurethane foam sample surface to artificial sweat by HPLC-UV-MS 
J Chromatogr B, Vol. 1142, 2020, 122027
DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122027 
 

Aubin S; Hamdi EM; Joly A; Sarazin P; Lesage J; Breau L; Spence M; Gagné S 
On site comparison of the OSHA 42, Asset EZ4-NCO, Iso-Chek, DAN and CIP10 methods for measuring toluene diisocyanate (TDI) at a polyurethane foam factory 
J Occup Environ Hyg, Vol. 17, (5), 2020, 207-19
DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2020.1731518 

 

Gagné S
Scope, limits and innovations of different devices for sampling of isocyanates in air
Presentation at the American Industrial Hygiene Conference & Exposition (AIHce EXP), Minneapolis, Minnesota, 20-22 May, 2019
[No DOI] 
 

Wisnewski AV; Liu J; Nassar AF
LC-UV-MS and MS/MS characterize glutathione reactivity with different isomers (2,2’ and 2,4’ vs. 4,4’) of methylene diphenyl-diisocyanate
EC Pharmacol Toxicol, Vol. 7, (3), 2019. 205-19
[No DOI] 

 

Fishman S; Hugo J; LaFramboise M; Zu C
Identification of methylene bisphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) surface hydrolysis products by LC/MS and LC/HRMS
Abstract and poster presented at the 66th American Society for Mass Spectrometry (ASMS)Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, San Diego, 3-7 Jun., 2018.
[No DOI] 

 

Ecoff S; Miller J; Tian S; Mattson K
Investigation of protective clothing resistance to MDI penetration from spray polyurethane foam (SPF) overspray
Presentation, Center for the Polyurethanes Industry (CPI) Polyurethanes 2017 Technical Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, 2-4 Oct., 2017
[No DOI] 

 

Gagné S; Puscasu S; Aubin S; Sarazin P; Spence M
Evaluation of a novel combination sampler/reagent with liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry detection to measure 4,4'-methylenediphenyldiisocyanate atmospheres
Poster, 65th American Society of Mass Spectrometry (ASMS) Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, 4-8 Jun., 2017
[No DOI] 

 

Puscasu S; Aubin S; Sarazin P; Richard L; Spence M; Gagné S
Use of the novel derivatizing agent 1,8-diaminonapthalene with the CIP10 sampler to measure 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate atmospheres
Ann.Work.Expo.Health, Vol. 61, (5), 2017, 566-74
DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxx023

 

Puscasu S; Aubin S; Spence M; Gagné S
Implementation and evaluation of an analytical method for a novel derivatizing agent to measure 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate atmospheres
J.Occup.Environ.Hyg., Vol. 13, (8), 2016, 598-603
DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2016.1159691 

 

Henriks-Eckerman ML and Mäkelä E
A new penetration test method: protection efficiency of glove and clothing materials against diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI)
Ann.Occup.Hyg., Vol. 59, (2), 2015, 221–31
DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/meu078 

 

Sebroski JR; Miller JW; Spence M 
Evaluation of modified FLEC® cell and micro chamber prototype for monitoring methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) emissions 
Paper and poster presented at Indoor Air, Hong Kong, 7-12 Jul., 2014.
[No DOI] 

 

Vangronsveld E; Berckmans S; Spence M
Comparison of solvent/derivatization agent systems for determination of extractable toluene diisocyanate from flexible polyurethane foam
Ann.Occup.Hyg., Vol 57, (5), 2013, 640-649 (note: correction published in Ann.Occup.Hyg., Vol 67, (3), 2023, 423.)
DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/mes093 

 

Vangronsveld E; Berckmans S; Spence M 
Toluene diisocyanate emission to air and migration to a surface from a flexible polyurethane foam
Ann.Occup.Hyg., Vol 57, (5), 2013, 650-661
DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/mes105 

 

Mormann W; Frank P; Schupp T; Seel K
Reactions of N-acetylcysteine adducts of aromatic (di)isocyanates with functional groups of organic molecules: transcarbamoylation reactions in aqueous buffer and in an organic solvent 
EXCLI Journal, Vol.7, 2008, 19-43
DOI: 10.17877/DE290R-8113

 

Mormann W; Vaquero RL; Seel K
Interactions of aromatic isocyanates with N-acetyl-L-cysteine under physiological conditions: formation of conjugates, ureas and amines.
EXCLI Journal, Vol.5, 2006, 191-208
DOI: 10.17877/DE290R-8286

 

Hext PM; Booth K; Dharmarajan V; Karoly WJ; Parekh PP; Spence M
A comparison of the sampling efficiencies of a range of atmosphere samplers when collecting polymeric diphenylmethane di-isocyanate ( MDI ) aerosols
Appl.Occup.Environ.Hyg., Vol 18, (5), 2003, 346-357
DOI: 10.1080/10473220301363 

 

Lesage J; Paradis J; Obarewicz S; Ostiguy C; Karoly W; Van Tra H
Evaluation of the SureSpot direct-reading instrument for the determination of polymeric MDI aerosols
Appl.Occup.Environ.Hyg., Vol.17, (8), 2002, 543-50
DOI: 10.1080/10473220290095817

 

Nakaaki K; Imano N; Satou T; Moriya K
Effective industrial hygiene monitoring of airborne TDI with HPLC and tape monitor
Sagyo Kankyo, Vol.23, (1), 2002, 1-7
[No DOI] 

 

Lesage J; Paradis J; Obarewicz S; Ostiguy C; Van Tra H
Développement d'une méthodologie d'évaluation d'appareils à lecture directe pour la détermination de prépolymères d'isocyanates sous forme aérosol
Rapport R-274, Jun., 2001. Institut de recherche en santé et en sécuritédu travail du Québec.
http://www.irsst.qc.ca/htmfr/pdf_txt/R-274.pdf
[No DOI] 

 

Karoly B; Lesage J; Paradis J
Use of direct reading instruments for measuring airborne concentrations of polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI)
Paper, Symposium on Isocyanates: Sampling, Analysis and Health Effects, Orlando, 26-27 Oct., 2000. ASTM STP 1408, Lesage J et al. eds.
[No DOI] 

 

Rando RJ; Poovey HG; Mokadam DR
Laboratory comparison of sampling methods for reactive isocyanate vapors and aerosols
Paper, Symposium on Isocyanates: Sampling, Analysis and Health Effects, Orlando, 26-27 Oct., 2000. ASTM STP 1408, Lesage J et al. eds.
[No DOI]

 

Spence MW; Landry TD; Huff DW
Evaluation of the effectiveness of air-purifying respirator cartridges in removing MDI aerosols from air
Proc.Polyurethanes World Congress, Amsterdam, Sep. 29-Oct. 1, 1997, 603-611.
[No DOI] 

 

Bugler J; Maddison P; Hope SJ; Glover R; Mills IG; Nutt AR; Wright MD
Tertiary amine and ethanolamine catalysts in the polyurethane foam industry: new methods of detection and results of personal sampling in nine UK flexible foam factories
Cell.Polym., Vol. 11, (3), 1992, 171-200.
DOI: 10.1177/026248939201100301 

 

Brokenshire JL; Dharmarajan V; Coyne LB; Keller J
Near real time monitoring of TDI vapour using ion mobility spectrometry (IMS)
J.Cell.Plast., Vol. 26, Mar., 1990, 123-42.
DOI: 10.1177/0021955X9002600202 

 

Conte A; Cossi G
Gas chromatographic determination of free TDI in flexible urethane foams
J.Chrom., Vol. 213, 1981, p. 162-5.
DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9673(00)80646-9